Operations Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words - 3

Operations Management - Essay Example For Nestle S.A, a Swiss multinational nutritional and health-related goods provider and the largest food company in the world, it is essential to realize the importance of operations management, of its strategies and directions. Proper operations management will allow the company to satisfy the requirements of its customers, develop intrinsic capabilities for the long-term success, understand where it should locate its resources and expand them accordingly, develop relationships with other organizations and invest the proper type of technology in the development of its business operations. Founded more that hundred years ago, today Nestle attracts customers all around the world with the variety of such products as baby food, bottled water, breakfast and cereals, coffee products, confectionery and dairy products, snacks and pet food. Being the largest food company across the globe, Nestle finds it more important to be the world’s leading food company. However, constant changes in the global market require the company to achieve efficiency in its products and service operations in order to stay commercially viable. The following paper will critically assess the operational methods and strategies adopted by Nestle; it will identify what the operations objectives are and then suggest the sort of process that should be operating. For the purpose of proposing the improvement for the operations of the company, certain recommendations will be gives as well. There is no organization that can plan its future actions with every detail it expects. However, what all business need is the strategic direction to what it will move forward. Whether the operations function is realized by the company, it needs to form a set of business principle and rules that will be guided by the decision making process. The most important feature of the operations of a particular company is the aligning of its activities with the overall strategy of the organization

Family System

Family System Identifying Information:    Mr. Gil Buckman is 35 year-old European American Man. He is Married with 3 Children living in the home. The Buckmans are expecting a baby in February. (Grazer Howard, 1989) Presenting or Identified Problem:    Mr. Buckman is seeking services to help strengthen his family system. His primary concern is that his son Kevin age 9 is having difficulty in school and suffering from an emotional disturbance. Mr. Buckman feels Kevins struggles are a direct result of his parenting skills. Mr. Buckman is also struggling with a decision that must be made regarding his career. He wants to ensure his family stability but making partner may cost him time with his family. He would like to find another job but with a baby on the way he does not feel this is an option. (Grazer Howard, 1989) Medical History:    There are no known health risks. The Buckman family appears to be quite healthy. However, Gil reports that his father drinks quite heavily, mostly on special occasions and might possibly be an alcoholic. Kevin is seeing a psychiatrist for his emotional needs. (Grazer Howard, 1989) Immediate Family System:    The Buckman Home consists of the Client Gil Buckman, his wife Karen Buckman, and their 3 children Kevin, Taylor, and Justin. Karen is a 34 year-old, European American mother to Kevin age 9, Taylor Age 6, and Justin age 3. She is also expecting a baby. All of the children are the biological offspring of Gil and Karen and share their Ethnicity. The Spousal Subsystem Gil and Karen have difficulty communicating at times. Gil resents Karen for not telling him about the pregnancy sooner. Karen thinks Gil is blaming her for getting pregnant. Women have choices, Men have responsibility. They maintain a healthy sex life and mutual belief systems. (Pellebon, 2009) Sibling Subsystem: Kevin Taylor and Justin have petty arguments and antagonize each other. Kevin resents having to care for his younger siblings and often replies why do I have to do everything? when asked to help his siblings. (Pellebon, 2009) Parent/Child Subsystem: Gil is a doting father. He tries to rectify his own relationship with his father by being a better parent. He communicates well with his kids, keeping an open dialogue. He has a very macho type relationship with Kevin, while he is more nurturing with his daughter Taylor. Karen admits that they were more overprotective with Kevin when he was younger and less anxious with Justin. (Pellebon, 2009) Parent/Grandparent Subsystem: Gil and his father have a strained relationship. Gill is bitter that his father was neglectful. Frank realizes he has made mistakes and is reaching out to Gil. Frank also feels his son is a better father than he was. Recently hes been learning to communicate with Gil. He previously was more partial to Larry. (Pellebon, 2009) Extended Family System not in home:    Mr. Buckmans Grandmother age 88 lives with his Parents Frank age 64 and Marilyn age 63. Grandma has been uprooted since the visit of Frank and Marilyns youngest son Larry and his son Cool. The Buckmans are of European American Descent. Cool Buckman is bi-racial. His ethnicity is both European and African American. Gil has an older sister Helen, who is a single mom to Julie and Gary. He has a younger sister Susan who is married to Nathan and they have a daughter named Patty. The youngest sibling discussed earlier is Larry. The Buckman family is enmeshed with open dialogue. Family roles are clear with the occasional diffuse boundary. (Grazer Howard, 1989) Peer Relationships and Impairment:    Mr. Buckman is deeply rooted in his family. They have limited community involvement, Gil coaches his sons little league and Karen babysits children in the neighborhood. He has strained work relationships due to his lack of socializing in order to be with his family. His work and family responsibilities dont allow much free time for social networking. This can cause a deficit in support systems. (Grazer Howard, 1989) Environmental Factors:    Gil works outside the home. Karen stays home with the children. They live in a two story suburban home located in a very clean middle- class neighborhood. The home is modern and well furnished. Little financial struggle yet maintain a moderate budget. Gil and Karen seemed very chaotically connected to Gils family. They get along with their neighbors and the community. (Grazer Howard, 1989) Educational/ Vocational/ Employment History and Impairment:    Mr. Buckman chose to college instead of taking over his fathers business. He works in financial firm. His need to help his son is taking away from his ability to perform well in employment (Grazer Howard, 1989) Legal History:   Ã‚  Ã‚   Mr. Buckman does not have a criminal record nor has he sought legal services or been sued. His younger brother has a gambling addiction and has been involved with illegal racketeering. His niece Julie was arrested for panhandling. (Grazer Howard, 1989) Resources:   Ã‚   Gil Buckman sought services to help with his son, so he and his immediate family would be the Client System. However the extended Buckman Family are so enmeshed that it is hard to separate them. Therefore we will consider them to be a Target System. There is a tremendous transference of intrinsic and extrinsic energy between these two systems. Extrinsically, they spend a great deal of time with each other, helping with family events and combining resources such as serving dishes. Also they share in the responsibility of caring for Grandma. Intrinsically, their emotional responses add to the support the family provides. There are few boundaries in what is acceptable conversation. (Pellebon, 2009) The School and Child Psychologist would be the Action System in helping with Kevins emotional needs. However it is met with resistance from Gil, who fears the stigma of special education and feels responsible for causing the tension. He believes he has the potential energy to solve the problems within his own family subsystem. His intrinsic attempts to be there for him emotionally and mentally have proved futile. So he moved toward a more extrinsic approach by spending money on a psychiatrist and spending time coaching his sons baseball team. At this point Mr. Buckman feels he has exhausted these resources and seeks services elsewhere. (Pellebon, 2009) Special Circumstances:    The Buckman family has no religious affiliation. There are also no known physical or mental health problems. There appears to be a great deal of tension within the family and Kevin suffers from an emotional disturbance. Frank Buckman has been known to abuse alcohol. (Grazer Howard, 1989) Life Area Impairments:    Gil feels his fathers drinking causes some embarrassment at weddings and family fucntions. However no one has intervened. They make light of it and go on. Kevins emotional issues have put a great deal of added pressure on the family. (Grazer Howard, 1989) Cognitive Affective and Behavioral Functioning:   Ã‚   Gil is college educated and quite intelligent. Has strong cognitive abilities but does not handle stress or tension well. He becomes very irritable and irrational. He raises his voice to his family and uses a negative tone. He does not have much confidence in his parenting skills as he has resentment toward his own father. Mr. Buckman is generally content except when dealing with family or work. He tries to be nonchalant until he feels his ability to handle responsibilities is threatened. (Grazer Howard, 1989) Positive Reinforcement: Frank knows Larry is gambling and gives him money to help covering his losses. He is reinforcing the behavior to gamble; even when Larry loses he is rewarded with more money from his father. (Pellebon, 2009) Negative Reinforcement: Nathan did not allow Patty to attend preschool and limited her time with Gils kids. He believed that removing these social influences would increase her ability to learn and maintain her extreme intelligence. (Pellebon, 2009) Positive Punishment: Grandma notices Gil is tense and arguing with Karen. So she tells a story of her first roller coaster ride using it as metaphor for life. She in a sense scolds Gil for getting upset hoping to stop his ranting. (Pellebon, 2009) Negative Punishment: The family shares extrinsically, giving and combining resources but when Larry comes for a visit they are guarded with their money. They believe withholding money from Larry will stop his erratic spending behavior. (Pellebon, 2009) Respondent Conditioning: Gil felt abandoned by Frank. Frank would take him to a baseball game every year and leave him with an usher leaving him feeling abandoned by his Dad. Even as an adult baseball games trigger sad memories and feelings of abandonment. (Ashford, LeCroy, Lortie, 2006) Habituation: The Buckman family learns to bond and communicate by the routine of tucking the children into bed every night. Saying goodnight and I love every night creates a habit of showing care and affection. (Ashford, LeCroy, Lortie, 2006) Modeling: Gil spends time with his kids and communicates with them in order to model good parenting skills. He hopes that by being a good parent that his kids will grow up to be good parents. He was not aware that his father was also observing and learning to be a better parent. (Ashford, LeCroy, Lortie, 2006) Vicarious Learning: Karen learns that her sister-in-law Susan would give her husband Nathan oral sex in the car when he would get tense. Later when in the car with Gil when he is tense she attempts to calm him down in the same manner. (Pellebon, 2009) Strengths and Weakness:    Gil Buckman is very motivated to make a positive impact on his family. He doesnt cope well with stress. However he is eager to implement change in his life. He lacks self control yet he is resourceful and goal oriented. He is assertive, and willing to preserve in order to meet the needs of his family. Mr. Buckman gets along well with others, yet has limited ties to his community. What little involvement he has is positive, he has effect peer relationships. (Grazer Howard, 1989) Multidimensional Assessment: Mr. Buckman has the capabilities to utilize resources provided to him. He has adequate means to meet the needs of his family. His readiness to implement change will assist him in his preparation to care for Kevins emotional problems.

Rabies Symptoms :: Medical Disease

Rabies Symptoms Rabies is an extremely old disease. Some speculate that it is as old as humankind itself. Rabies belongs to a family of viruses called lyssa. Lyssa is the Greek word for rabies, which is derived from the root â€Å"lud†, which means violent. The first case of rabies was described in the 23rd century BC in the Eshuma Code of Babylon. Generally, the virus is transmitted to humans by other animals or humans who are already infected. Rabies is an extremely deadly disease, and if left untreated, it has a mortality rate greater than 99 percent. In fact, there has only been one documented case of a human that has survived this deadly disease. The course that the disease takes is often violent. (fas) Picture a dog coming down the street, madly dashing this way and that with no apparent goal other than biting anything and everything. Everything about this dog has changed. He no longer remembers his friends, and he no longer wishes o eat or drink, in fact he is hydrophobic. This lack of nutrients brings an end to the dog’s yelps of pain after a few hours or days. The cries become weak and harsh, fatigue sets in, and the animal seizes and eventually dies. This series of events is commonly known as â€Å"mad dog†. (Webster 3) The term â€Å"mad dog† may be more familiar to most people than the term â€Å"rabies† is, but they mean the same thing. The disease is usually, but not always, transmitted to humans by a bite. As the disease progresses, the sanity of the affected animal or human gradually deteriorates. By the time an individual displays the symptoms described, it has already lost its battle with the rabies virus. Rabies is a disease that must be caught as early as possible; the longer it takes to diagnose, the less chance of survival there is. The earliest sign of infection is a change in disposition. The victim may develop a troubled or 1 distracted look, which is followed by lack of desire to recognize or be friendly with others. However, in other cases an individual may become more gentle and friendly. (Webster 4-5) There are two general forms of rabies; furious rabies and dumb rabies. Frequencies of furious and dumb rabies are approximately equal in both the laboratory and in the field. Furious rabies is the more stereotypic form of rabies. Individuals often wander about, followed by signs of excessive excitability or irritability.

BSC Implementation process and initiatives Essay

The balanced scorecard is a system that helps business people to become savvy in strategic management. Companies have a life line through this system to make self evaluation and plan for a successful business path. This system was meant to help companies and businesses achieve the best possible results for the business endeavors. BSC has caused ripples among various practitioners across the vast business fraternity at first nobody seemed to have a clue as to how to describe the perspective it sought to create about business operations. The result of these perceptions caused misunderstanding among both proponents and opponents of the system. The system however does not seem to follow the same path as other systems developed before its emergence; it lacks the technical aspect. (Neiger et al, 2009) In any type of business management is a serious concern that needs to be looked in to keenly without prejudice. Management in any company or business plays a major role that cannot be wished away at whatever cost. Where there is good leadership then a business stands to reap fruits; providing a course to prosperity and decent profits. Bad management results in the crippling of business activities as well as the eventual death of a business initiative. What does strategy and operational control entail? In leadership or corporate governance how one runs a business matters a lot; in some aspects it draws parallels between success or profitability and in the worst scenarios may result in losses. Management is seriously intertwined with actions and action measures. A leader has to always monitor stringently the daily performance of the business. Business operations gather moment when a number of aspects are put to play; one is diagnostic measures that are used for controlling processes. The culture that a business relates to or wants to be associated with also may give a pointer as to what direction the company intends to move. Business leaders are also tasked with developing interaction systems in their own jurisdiction that work and translate in to good relations among staff. Policy framework should be established and adhered to knowing very well that boundaries have to be set; any crossing of the lines ramifications are there. Control mechanisms can be tailor made to suit various sc enarios; personal controls may be merged with cultural work practices. (Neiger et al, 2009) What were the efforts undertaken to effect BSC in to BAE? There was an evolution in BAE when the company sought to make a number of changes in the way they did their operations. The company decided to make a shift from their traditional modalities of doing things and sought to make changes in regard to their culture. BAE evolved over a period of time; they moved from a system that was not as coherent as the balanced score card to one that was, the balanced score card. They had a system that embraced the Business Value Scorecard; this is the method that came before balanced score card at the BAE. The BVS approach carried along it the vision that top management at the BAE had set it out to achieve and it came as a welcome relief when their profits margins begun to soar. BVS came in to being because the leadership at BAE wanted a system they deemed sufficient to lead the company in to a smooth changeover and also have the effect of ensuring cultural change takes place. Financial and the non-financial aspects of execution of pillars of the culture were discussed to great lengths by the management. (Eisen, 2000) BAE made strides in terms of its market share in Europe; in the year 1999 the company had become a market leader in Europe. The company deals with making defense equipment and it was during the same year that they got themselves being positioned second largest company in the world. The company is divided in to eight subsections with each making specific items. In the year 1994, the company found itself in a precarious situation whereby despite of the wish to carry out cultural change; they were unable to perform competitively. Members who formed part of the managerial team embarked on an exercise to analyze the weaknesses and the strong points that the company had to showcase. The realization that the company seemed to be stalling pushed the Chief Executive and his team in to action; they brainstormed on how best to make amends before it was too late. (Eisen, 2000) The chief executive and his support decided on modalities on how to push through changes and better work and operational ethics to keep the company head above water. The chief executive also decided to push a raft of measures through; among them was reviewing business practices as well engage experts beyond the company walls to help out. He engaged everyone regardless of rank or position within the company as a means to rectify the situation at hand. (Kaplan and Norton, 2008) Was the approach a success? The company not only made an upward movement in profitability but they were now having functional systems. Employees were able to feel and share in the new changes; they were getting the befitting treatment they deserved. They were also accorded a raft of benefits and the practices at the Human Resource departments were well streamlined and the employee retention level had begun to improve. The changes at BAE were a welcome success and the company is continuously reaping the benefits of those bold steps towards change. (Kaplan and Norton, 2008) References Neiger, D., Churilov, L., Flitman, A., & Rotaru, K. (2009).  Value-focused process engineering: A systems approach : with applications to human resource management. New York: Springer Eisen, P. J. (2000).  Accounting. Hauppauge, N.Y: Barron’s Educational Series. Kaplan, R. S., & Norton, D. P. (2008).  The execution premium: Linking strategy to operations for competitive advantage. Boston, Mass: Harvard Business Press. Source document

Drama In The National Curriculum Education Essay

The purpose of this study is to understand where Drama stands in instruction within England at present. It searches for its ‘ reference within the National Curriculum and interprets what this means for the instruction of the topic. It looks at primary and secondary schools ‘ current tendencies towards Drama as a discrete topic, and argues the benefits and disadvantages of it holding its ‘ ain topic heading within the National Curriculum. The grounds will be evaluated and a decision formulated.1. Play in the National Curriculum.The National Curriculum website provides the most up to day of the month information on how Drama is placed within the course of study. At first glimpse Drama is absent but reference of it can be located, chiefly within the topic of English. [ See Appendix One for a description of the demands and activities for Key Stages ( KS ) 1 & A ; 2. ( National Curriculum, 2011a ) ] . Whilst there are purposes and aims published for KS1 & A ; 2, at KS3 & A ; 4 there is reference of selected dramatists as topics to be studied and the outlook that at least one Shakespearian drama will be explored in deepness at each phase ( National Curriculum, 2011b & A ; degree Celsius ) . References to the usage of Drama appear under Literature [ See Appendix Two ] ( National Curriculum, 2011d ) . For England the Teachernet ( Teachernet, 2011 ) , DFES Drama Objectives ( DFES, 2011 ) and QCDA ( QCDA, 2011 ) resources have been/are being decommissioned with emended high spots looking in the National Archive. In fact most of the Government resources advocated by the Initial Teacher Education web site for English are no more ( ITE, 2011a ) . The Department of Education web site is replacing it, but the lone suited stuff found for Drama is an point for the Speaking and Listening component at KS1 & A ; 2 dated 2004 ( Department of Education, 2011 ) . In Ireland play is within the ‘arts ‘ sector, alongside ocular humanistic disciplines and music. The strand is â€Å" Drama to research feelings, cognition and thoughts, taking to understanding. † They expect that when this topic is taught right it can assist kids at a immature age to understand/relate and cover with life state of affairss that can happen ( Irish Curriculum, 2011 ) . Whilst Drama is placed steadfastly in Arts Education as a three with the ocular and aural mediums, there is small support to be found in their Curriculum Planner as good ( NCCA, 2011 ) . Compare this to 52 resources for Drama in the Scots Curriculum ( Scottish Curriculum Resources for Drama, 2011 ) . In Northern Ireland Drama is mentioned in Language & A ; Literacy and has its ain topic within The Humanistic disciplines and resources are good provided ( N. Ireland Resources, 2011 ) . At KS1 & A ; 2 the statutory topics that all students must analyze are art and design, design and engineering, English, geographics, history, information and communicating engineering ( ICT ) , mathematics, music, physical instruction and scientific discipline. Religious instruction must besides be provided at KS 1 and 2 ( National Curriculum, 2011e ) , although there is a non-statutory plan of survey. From the National Curriculum ( 2011e ) for Religious Education there are the following two points: 1 ) . Research how spiritual beliefs and thoughts can be expressed through the humanistic disciplines and pass on their responses. 2 ) . Using art and design, music, dance and play to develop their originative endowments and imaginativeness. Art and design does non advert play until KS 2 as follows from the National Curriculum ( 2011f ) : Researching a scope of get downing points for practical work [ for illustration, themselves, their experiences, images, narratives, play, music, natural and made objects and environments ] . Yet doing marionette theaters, and besides making atmosphere in sounds, illuming, backgrounds and costumes for full size dramas would do the topic more merriment whilst specifying a practical intent for the work. Drama in a similar manner should be a fertile land for scenery and particular effects within Design and Technology yet it is non mentioned at all ( National Curriculum, 2011g & A ; 2011h ) . Music and Physical Education in a similar vena have a relationship to Drama through Dance but there is no recognition for it. History could conceivably utilize period play to exemplify points and the grasp of truth in the texts and authors ‘ prejudice would so be covered in Drama. Stenhouse ( 1981, p.29 ) is against the thought that Drama is for learning other topics in the course of study and rejects the imagined worlds of Drama for the attested worlds of pure history. ICT could supply a multi-media back bead similar to that of exhibition trade bases and modern public presentations that use computerised effects and elephantine screens. When the National Curriculum was being formulated instructors were vocal in their disapproval of the many course of study topics being loaded into the National Curriculum, such that topics were curtailed following Music and Art ( Baldwin, 2011 ) . As the ( NCCCE, 1999, p.75 ) study provinces ‘ †¦ there are more than 10 topics in the universe. † It besides notes that Dance is non found with athletics, games and sports after instruction and that Drama is non merely verbal. ( NACCCE, 1999, p.76 ) points out that of all the states in the QCA/NFER INCA archive, England was alone in holding 10 distinct topics from KS 1-4. â€Å" When the National Curriculum was introduced, specialist play practicians thirstily awaited the National Curriculum for Drama. They are still waiting. â€Å" A ( Baldwin, 2011 ) .Drama as portion of English in the National Curriculum.One of the on-going arguments about the nature of English Centres around its relationship [ sic ] the originative humanistic disciplines. â€Å" Is English an Humanistic disciplines based, originative subject, or a much more functional, competence led capable? â€Å" , and â€Å" Is Drama itself an Humanistic disciplines based subject or a method of instruction, a signifier of larning? † ( ITE, 2011b ) The function of play in the course of study remains in pattern really much in uncertainty. It is believed that future employers have been unhappy with general educational criterions of school departers. A contributionary factor to this low appraisal ( for the topic ) has been the political displacement from a broad position ( of the centrality of aesthetic and artistic experience in instruction ) towards a more vocationally – orientated position in which the secondary course of study is seen instead as a feeder of commercial, industrial and post-industrial demands as they have been immerging in recent old ages. ( Morton, 1984, p.56 ) . The Arts Council England ( 2003, p.6 ) explains that all students ‘ minimal statutory entitlements for the survey of Drama are acknowledged within the National Curriculum for English. Harmonizing to Ashcroft & A ; Palacio ( 1995, p. 196 ) , â€Å" The national course of study steadfastly places play within the English sphere. † Neelands ( 2008, p.1 ) refers to the National Curriculum as the English Model where, â€Å" Drama was foremost introduced into the secondary course of study through the English course of study and timetable † . He divertingly cites the fact that Shakespeare was English to explicate how we arrived at this alone place, which has non been followed elsewhere in the universe except possibly Wales ( Welsh Curriculum KS 1 ( 2008 ) & A ; Welsh Curriculum KS 2-4 ( 2008 ) where Drama is mentioned within English and to a lesser extent Welsh. Drama as a topic in its ‘ ain right is non present in the primary course of study, but as a portion of English or R.E, or supplying other countries and cross curricular subjects. Even though Drama is absent from the course of study for primary schools, it is still present through the activities and lessons which are taught utilizing play, â€Å" †¦ many primary schools already include plaies in their course of study, without recognizing that the activities the kids are involved in are really drama. † ( Humanistic disciplines on the move, 2010 ) . For High School instructors, it can be a job for them to cognize what to anticipate of students come ining KS 3, this is because of the deficiency of continuity in Drama across all the Primary Schools, hence merely an educated conjecture can be made on the students ‘ anterior play experiences. Neelands ( 2004, p.9 ) offers 6 points of common mention which can be found in Appendix Three. Harmonizing to Neelands ( 2008, p.2 ) statistics show that, aˆÂ ¦many schools in England do offer play as a separate timetabled topic in Key Stage 3 and this makes play the lone ‘subject ‘ in the English system which is ‘unregulated ‘ in footings of a nationally agreed course of study beyond the mentions to talking and listening in the Orders for English † . So merely at KS 3 do some students get the chance to take Drama as a separate topic but it is still an unofficial 1. Whilst this offers a complete freedom in how the topic is taught and presented [ see Neelands ( 2004, p.5 ) for three different attacks at secondary degree ] , it besides means there is small in the manner of a safety cyberspace for its practicians that criterions, appraisals, guidelines and official support can supply. So it would look that Drama has become a Cinderella topic that is busy working in the shadows whilst the Ugly Sisters of English and Religious Education take all the recognition.1.2 How we got to where we are now.â€Å" Most of what immature people know of the universe, they know through representations of it. † ( Neelands, 2008, p.9 ) , proposing that schools have a moral duty to assist determine the citizenship of their stundents. â€Å" There is small clip allotted in the day-to-day modus operandi for play in early childhood instruction scenes, due to the force per unit area that many instructors feel to cover excessively many stuffs in excessively small clip. † ( Jones and Reynolds, 1992, p.7 ) . This suggests that caput instructors and instructors are forced to concentrate their concentration and resources on the topics the ‘really affair ‘ For illustration, those topics that are recorded as National statistics, demoing how many A* – Degree centigrade pupils have obtained ; in peculiar on Maths, English and Science. Drama being mentioned in the course of study saw a assorted reaction. Some celebrated the â€Å" fact † that Drama would now hold to be taught. Others were speedy to indicate out that there was a cardinal defect here. There were few trained Drama instructors left. The world has been, that barely any Drama is go oning ( in Primary ) A despite the fact that it is deemed statutory. ( Baldwin, 2011 ) . Yet Neelands ( 2008, p.1 ) states that, â€Å" In the English instruction system, all pupils in the 5-16 age scope have an entitlement to drama within the National Curriculum Orders for English. † Baldwin ( 2011 ) the president of the International Drama/Theatre & A ; Education Association provides a background to how Drama fell from grace, how a timely reaction to the stiff course of study being built capable by topic stopped it being included at the 11th hr and so, as it was no longer a topic, support for it fell off. Practitioners were left high and dry, as Drama was no longer portion of Ofsted unless a fee was paid to measure it, which in one instance ended up being marked as a ‘Satisfactory ‘ P.E. lesson. Dearing tried to soften the course of study but so came the restraints of the National Literacy Strategy which concentrated on reading and composing for the ‘Literacy Hour ‘ at the disbursal of speech production and hearing. However Winston & A ; Tandy ( 2001, p.75-86 ) in their chapter entitled ‘Drama and literacy ‘ supply some thoughts for including Drama within the hr. Then at Secondary degree we find a menu blanche where anything goes with Drama either as a separate topic taught by a Drama specializer or as a go oning add-on within English or as another entity, which possibly suits the more marked different watercourses of ability. Neelands ( 2004, p.5-6 ) noticed that the assorted beginnings of national counsel for Drama, for illustration the specific mentions to Drama in the Programs of Study for English showed a general understanding for the purposes and aims for Drama, such as: Play as personal, societal and moral instruction Drama as English Drama as a topic in its ain right. As stated earlier he cites three really different secondary schools each exemplifying one of these points as their single attack to Drama. The demands of a nationally prescribed course of study put considerable force per unit area on instructors to â€Å" suit everything in † ; each topic has it ain outlooks and makes its ain peculiar demands. Finding the clip for Drama, nevertheless extremely you and your category may value it in its ain right, can be difficult- the more so if we are traveling to give the Drama clip to develop, intensify the kids ‘s engagement and apprehension, and make a satisfactory decision. ( Winston & A ; Tandy, 2001, p.54 ) Ashcroft & A ; Palacio ( 1997, p.6 ) infer that longer functioning instructors will happen the prescribed nature of the National Curriculum and all its alterations to be a bone of contention. On the other manus – The deficiency of nucleus counsel for Drama, the parallel development of Drama within English with its development as a distinct Arts topic, together with the diverseness of theoretical accounts of course of study and appraisal to be found in schools make it a peculiarly debatable country of English learning for trainees. ( ITE, 2011c ) Particularly as: School Drama Co-ordinators disappeared about nightlong, as did LEA Drama Advisers and consultative teachers.A Drama courses became few and far between, trusting more and more on professional administrations, which were and are run voluntarily, by progressively stretched full clip instructors and lectors. ( Baldwin, 2011 ) .Chapter TWO – Arguments FOR DRAMA BEING ADESCRETE SUBJECTâ€Å" As portion of a wide and balanced course of study, play has a important part to do † ( Winston & A ; Tandy, 2001, p.73 ) . â€Å" Drama, more than any other topic in the course of study, mirrors life as it is lived and experienced † ( Winston, 2004, p.18 ) . Please see Appendix Five for some positive consequences Winston ( 2004 ) notes as being seen in kids ‘s composing due to their engagement with Drama. â€Å" At least a national understanding provides some external, comparatively nonsubjective and seeable stuffs to discourse † ( Neelands, 2004, p.6 ) . However, the absence of a nationally agreed model for Drama gives two points of concern ; The single Drama instructor has no external model to follow, therefore the success of the Drama category is wholly at the clemency of the ability or deficiency thereof of the instructor ; How Drama is perceived at the school may good be based on the caput instructors ‘ preferences and biass. To exemplify this point I found at X High School, where the writer has experienced Drama via a teaching preparation twenty-four hours arrangement, it was noticeable that Drama is thought of as a high precedence topic. This was thanks to the Head realising that in a catchment country of high poorness Drama provided involvement and look for kids that found reading and composing hard. The school used Drama besides as a selling tool to advance itself to the wider community and its governors. It held one-year Drama productions, school assemblies were punctuated with Drama in the signifier of amusing studies or more serious pieces designed to entertain and inform, it supported fund-raising activities etc. Drama here is a timetabled topic throughout all the twelvemonth groups, and is offered as an A-level topic. As Ashcroft & A ; Palacio ( 1995, p. 196 ) advocator, â€Å" Primary school students can develop through play an extended scope of linguistic communication utilizations, including the bulk of those referred to in the national course of study. † â€Å" aˆÂ ¦drama is a societal procedure of doing meaningaˆÂ ¦the model and method of play provides a alone context for developing a sense of individuality and productivity. † ( Morton, 1984, p.37 ) . â€Å" All Our Futures † had already clearly recognised the importance of Drama, both as a originative instruction and larning medium and as the most powerful pupil incentive: A † OFSTED informations on student response to larning indicates play to be at the really top in actuating acquisition † ( NACCCE, 1999, p.77 ) . Drama in instruction can assist pupils learn and understand whatever is required, in ways that are emotionally, aesthetically and cognitively connected and meaningful to kids who are natural dramatic participants. †Chapter THREE – ARGUMENTS AGAINST DRAMA BEING ADESCRETE SUBJECTâ€Å" aˆÂ ¦drama is a procedure that can non be divided into a series of distinct and accessible results in the sort of manner that course of study theoreticians have managed to make with many other topics in the course of study † ( Young, 1981, p.94 ) . Baldwin ( 2011 ) provinces: Trainees are likely to meet a diverse scope of agreements for play within schools. In the absence of national orders and a statutory capable model, schools are free to plan their ain local fluctuations of a play course of study based on the specific value given to drama in a peculiar school. Cynics were heard to mumble, that with an appraisal driven course of study emerging, procedure based play would be excessively debatable for SCAA ( as it was so ) to cover with.A Appraisal in Drama has ever been slippery as so much goes on cognitively and emotionally during the Drama procedure that is non easy or even possible to assess.A It is noted that this statement appears amongst many professionals, but no suggestions as to what standards could be used is suggested. Is this because they believe there is to be none. Baldwin, ( 2011 ) continues. â€Å" Assessment records were being revealed as lists of statements of attainment tick boxes and needed to be based on easy discernible, extrinsic results † proposing that Drama specializers were non certain they wanted such a meaningful and aesthetic art signifier measured and graded in this way.. Neelaands appears to belie his issues by saying The local course of study can be based on a extremely idiosyncratic and ideologically motivated choice. What is taught may be left to the caprice of an single instructor and may reflect personal biass and involvements instead that the comprehensiveness of deepness of survey which is a student ‘s entitlement ( Neelands, 2004, p.6 ) . Yet harmonizing to Neelands on the Initial Teacher Education web site ( ITE, 2011d ) , The non-statutory Framework play aims might usefully organize the footing of the programme of survey for play at KS3. However, these specific aims are improbable to be considered sufficient as nucleus aims for play as a discrete topic because they do non cover physical, ocular, design and proficient facets of play. This suggests that although the concerns of Patrice Baldwin are relevant, the concerns of the ITE is that without a defined construction and specific aims, the importance of Drama could be overlooked. This point of position is rejected by Way ( 1967, p.12 ) who points out, â€Å" If we make drama another topic, so we make another ‘progressive heterosexual line ‘ – in fact many consecutive lines, one for babies, one for juniors, and so on through the different age groups. † Again, because of its ‘uniqueness ‘ there is a concern over how Drama can be ‘measured ‘ i.e. marked. Way ( 1967, p.3 ) wrote, â€Å" Education is concerned with persons ; play is concerned within the individualism of persons, with the singularity of each human kernel. Indeed this is one of the grounds for its intangibleness and its immeasurability. † As Drama is non in the National Curriculum as its ain topic, it might be seen as unimportant. With the force per unit areas on schools to be ranked via conference tabular arraies on the nucleus topics of English, Maths and Science, it is possibly non surprising that schools focus on these topics to the hurt of all else. However, the topic still has its ain written scrutinies and an external tester is called in to tag public presentations. It is hence ill-defined as to the grounds behind why the topic is deemed by some to be hard to measure.Decisionâ€Å" Ultimately, play is a valuable tool, but foremost the tool itself must be fashioned. † ( Way, 1967, p.7 ) . There appears to be a divide in international pattern over whether Drama should be used across the course of study or as a topic within its ain right and/or as portion of the humanistic disciplines docket. There were those who thought that if appraisal was traveling to be the name of the game, so play could and should be made to suit, in order to guarantee its topographic point in the new curriculum.A And there were those who breathed a suspiration of alleviation that play did non suit and had been left outside the new course of study, where at least it would let a greater freedom of pattern and content, within the broader course of study ( Baldwin, 2011 ) . Therefore, unless the person schools value Drama, and promote Drama instructor preparation, the concern is that the degree of learning Drama will non be sufficient to add any value to learning within the school as a whole. Harmonizing to Ashcroft and Palacio ( 1995, p.203 ) there are two types of Drama within the National Curriculum spectrum, one being public presentation based activities, such as assemblies and school dramas, and the other being educational Drama, which involves kids in the active creative activity and geographic expedition of state of affairss based on fact or fiction. â€Å" †¦ it is regarded by many instructors as a larning method instead than a capable country because it can be employed to present many facets of the course of study really efficaciously. † ( Ashcroft and Palacio, 1995, p.204 ) . Art is utile, non because it is true but because it is genuinely enlightening. It is because play – as – art maps in this manner that a dramatic work can non be explained, paraphrased or deconstructed into essays. Like any other art signifier, play is alone and non – convertibleaˆÂ ¦ it resists crassly useful attempts to corral it into the service of geographics, history or direction preparation every bit much as it refuses to be the biddable retainer of personal, societal, or political instruction. In a secular age, the utility of play lies in its ability to joint significance in peculiar direct and accessible ways so that we, in bend, can do better sense of the universe in which we live. For these grounds, play is an indispensible portion of the humanistic disciplines course of study. ( Hornbrook, 1991, p.40-41 ) . Whilst we can non anticipate the committedness of the National Theatre at every Primary School ( Turner et al. , 2004 ) they offer a theoretical account of best pattern that can be used within the topic of Drama to truly convey out the assurance and mind of immature kids and this should be the ultimate end whether Drama is housed within English or is a topic in its ain right. Does this so mean that play is yet another topic that has to be fitted into an already overcrowded course of study? No. Drama is non another topic ; theater might be, with its land work in history and its survey of dramatists and their plants but non drama. Drama is every bit intangible as personality itself, and is concerned with developing people. Indeed, it is every bit necessary to fling educational conventions as to ignore theatre conventions ( Way, 1967, p.7 ) . The statements will ramp on but merely the will of the authorities can do a difference to the place Drama as a topic or non-subject is in. The decision drawn from all the grounds in this study is that Drama should be included as a topic in its ain right in the National Curriculum, but non as the course of study presently stands. There appears to be deficient construction and no unequivocal manner that the success of students taking Drama can be measured. To seek and ‘fit ‘ it into the current course of study could curtail its utility as a holistic well being tool for the personal growing of students. How could this be measured in academic footings? There could be students who come alive as histrions and give fantastic public presentations, but can non interpret this successfully into a written piece of work. How does one step personal growing? How can we tag a pupil who has grown in assurance, can show themselves better than before the debut of the Drama lesson, and inter acts good with other pupils in the category? Whereas before the usage of Drama they may hold been counter, covering with personal issues which had no voice except in eruptions of violent behavior. One can put trials to mensurate the cognition of the literacy greats, the hunt for significance in the plants of the dramatists but should this prevarication here or within the kingdom of English Literature, such that it can non be used as a grade of success or failure for Drama pupils. The decision gathered is that this testing should be left within the English topic, therefore leting pupils of Drama more freedom to show themselves through this fantastic medium. It has been shown that Drama is a utile tool in the apprehension of other topics, but it should foremost be enjoyed and understood in its ain right. The greatest job for Drama being included in its ain right in the National Curriculum appears to be the manner the success of topics are presently judged. There does non look to be current processs that can reasonably mensurate the true success and positive impact Drama can hold on a pupil ‘s life. For illustration with a Mathematics test there is a definite right reply with Markss available for demoing your workings out, but what is the ‘right ‘ reply in Drama? The division between the instruction professionals as to the inclusion or non of Drama in the National Curriculum can be understood after researching and look intoing this inquiry. The concerns are that the importance of Drama within the schools is presently dependant on the will of the caput instructor and the ability, passion and committedness of the Drama staff. Drama instructors ‘ sing schools who category Drama as a ‘fill-in ‘ topic and non that of import will hold experienced first manus the statement that Drama should be included. It could be really corrupting to the Drama instructor who feels that their work, nevertheless committed they are, possibly seen as unimportant. However those Drama instructors sing and basking a school that appreciates Drama and uses it throughout school life for illustration in assemblies, community assemblages and the one-year school public presentation may bask the freedom of the topic non being included in the National Curriculum, as they do non experience threatened about the cogency of their instruction accomplishments. There appears to be no straightforward decision over Drama ‘s inclusion in the National Curriculum, nevertheless it must be pointed out that other parts of the British Isles make Drama a topic in its ain right and supply first-class support for it. Possibly there are lessons to be learned from the manner they have gone about this by an exchange of thoughts on best pattern. For illustration what standards are they utilizing to mensurate Drama ‘s success as a topic ; are more or less pupils taking Drama as a topic at Secondary degree ; has its position had a positive or negative consequence on the instructors? Without cognizing the replies to these inquiries and many more besides we can non keep these states up as reflecting illustrations. There needs to be a manner of seeking to take the best from the statements for and against Drama ‘s inclusion in the National Curriculum. For illustration this research has shown that most of the Drama professionals feel that both the topic and they benefit from its inclusion to set them on a flat playing field with other topics. They believe that they may be taken more earnestly and have more support from developing being given. The concern of its inclusion appears to be that it could smother the really creativeness and freedom of look some professionals believe Drama should be. They all appear to hold that Drama can non be measured in academic footings as easy as other topics as no ‘marks ‘ are awarded for pupils personal development. Therefore after research and probe into this inquiry, the concluding decision is that Drama should be included in the National Curriculum as a distinct topic but merely after the creative activity of relevant success standards is added. Once there is an acceptable measuring expression in topographic point Drama would so profit from inclusion. As it stands at present at that place does non look to be sufficient stairss in topographic point to recognize Drama pupils ‘ success.

7 Stress Management Techniques for Nurses

7 Stress Management Techniques for Nurses Stress is an ever-present buzzword in pretty much every industry, but it takes on especially sharp significance for those in the medical and nursing professions. Daryn Eller at Scrubs Mag has compiled some strategies for nurses to help them manage stress without feeling overwhelmed. The consequences for losing the ability to manage stress are severe: burning out and leaving the industry, substance abuse, chronic illness, neglecting self care, or even  making fatal errors. Be proactive about advocating for yourself, beginning with these basic approaches:1. Take ControlStart by observing your daily routine objectively. What gives you energy, and what saps it? Can you structure your day or your approach to tasks to emphasize the ones that build you up, or at least balance them more effectively with the draining moments? Talk to your supervisor and your colleagues and see if you have a counterpart you might be able to trade with- this step helps rebuild your  sense of agency, which a lleviates that helpless, scrambling feeling.  2. Keep PerspectiveStress in the field of nursing is unavoidable- even if you try to stay detached, there are people’s lives at stake! So don’t bottle up your emotions at work- breathe and talk and even write through them. This strategy may even be more useful for your life outside of work; when you remember what the stakes at work are, interpersonal conflict or household issues seem lighter by comparison.  3. Lighten UpWhether you burst into song like Julie Andrews or make inappropriate jokes to alleviate the tension, it’s important to let levity in when you can. Learn from your mistakes, and then let them roll off your shoulders. Carrying around guilt or shame will not make your job easier.  4. Don’t be a Hero (when it comes to overtime)While the opportunity to double your usual wages might be appealing, it’s crucial to remember that nursing is exhausting physically and emotionally. There are le gal maximums for a reason. Don’t feel like you always have to be the one stepping up for extra shifts, and remember to compartmentalize and sign off at the end of the day or night.  5. Take BreaksMany nurses don’t take breaks- unless they’re smokers, which seems totally counterintuitive. Whether you treat yourself to a 15 minute non-smoking smoke break or just pause to close your eyes for a long slow breath between patient rooms, make sure you find moments to refresh yourself during the day. If you can manage even short workouts before or after work, even better.  6. Live in the MomentAmbition can take us to exciting places, and nostalgia is always a bittersweet mental journey. But during your daily life, make sure you know right when and where you are. Don’t be racing to the next thing or brooding on the last one- let go of past and future stress and work with what’s facing you right there in that moment.  7. Be Ready to Make ChangesIf you g et to a point where you have to constantly reach for these coping strategies and more, it may be a sign you’re in the wrong specialty, the wrong hospital, or the wrong doctor’s office. Be strategic about planning a move. Think about the kinds of places you’d really want to work, and don’t just restrict yourself to reading job postings or want ads. For other nurses, involving their families in their work- or even just bringing them to the hospital to get a sense of what their daily experience is- can help build a more supportive family dynamic.  The consistent thread in these tips is to know yourself, know what you need, and be empowered to advocate for yourself in large and small moments  when you feel like you’re overstressed. It will only help your work to have a revitalized version of you at work every day.

SPECIFICS OF ILLUSTRATION ESSAY

SPECIFICS OF ILLUSTRATION ESSAY Today, we would like to focus on giving you more explanation about illustration essays. Many students are required to present research paper projects, custom essays and term papers. Illustration essays are often required to be written in all universities and colleges. Oftentimes, you are provided with the subject to write illustration assay about. The writing must start with an online research. Any illustration essay writings require to make a certain point. To make this point, you have to support it with a line of details or facts. This pattern will help you to justify and to clarify the essay point that you have chose to put an accent on.   So where to you start in providing supportive patterns? All you have to remember that your line or detail patterns should be highly appealing to the reader. This way you will help your audience to understand better what you are trying to say. If you add a point of vitality, you essay writing will definitely stand out. If you need our professional writing assistance, please, put an order or talk to our customer service representative 24/7.

Element Symbols in Element Names

Element Symbols in Element Names Heres a list of the element names that can be broken down into element symbols. For example, the letters in the element neon are the symbols for Ne, O, N (neon, oxygen, and nitrogen). None of the element names ending in -ium work, so that eliminates many of the element names. ActiniumAluminumAmericiumAntimonyArgonArsenic - Ar Se Ni C, Ar Se N I CAstatine - As Ta Ti NeBariumBerkeliumBerylliumBismuthBohriumBoronBromineCadmiumCalciumCaliforniumCarbon - C Ar B O N, Ca Rb O NCeriumCesiumChlorineChromiumCobaltCoperniciumCopper - Co P P Er, C O P P ErCuriumDarmstadtiumDubniumDysprosiumEinsteiniumErbiumEuropiumFermiumFluorineFranciumGadoliniumGalliumGermaniumGoldHafniumHassiumHeliumHolmiumHydrogenIndiumIodineIridiumIron - Ir O NKrypton - Kr Y Pt O NLanthanumLawrenciumLeadLithiumLutetiumMagnesiumManganeseMeitneriumMendeleviumMercuryMolybdenumNeodymiumNeon - Ne O NNeptuniumNickelNiobiumNitrogenNobeliumOsmiumOxygenPalladiumPhosphorus - P H O S P H O Ru SPlatinumPlutoniumPoloniumPotassiumPraseodymiumPromethiumProtactiniumRadiumRadonRheniumRhodiumRubidiumRutheniumRutherfordiumSamariumScandiumSeaborgiumSeleniumSilicon - Si Li C O N, Si Li Co NSilverSodiumStrontiumSulfurTantalumTechnetiumTelluriumTerbiumThalliumThoriumThuliumTin - Ti NTitaniumTungstenUnunbiumUnunniliumU nunumiumUraniumVanadiumXenon - Xe N O N, Xe No NYtterbiumYttriumZincZirconium

Marketing Manager Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Marketing Manager - Research Paper Example The F-16 was initially developed by the company General Dynamics, however General Dynamics sold its aircraft manufacturing facilities to Lockheed Martin and it has since been marketed by them. With the current race of weapons technology, it is also not deniable that management of the F-16 at Lockheed Martin will do very well to keep it relevant in the latest war arenas and war deterrence mechanisms of the world. In its field of work, the F-16's fate really depends on its manufacturers being able to keep it competitive with other aircraft of its role in terms of functionality. Functionality, Time, Place and Ease of Possession As stated in the previous statement the crucial feature for the F-16 as a product is the state of its functionality. Upgrading the F-16 has been vital in keeping it competitive. Unfortunately upgrading any product can never produce the same results as incorporating a technology in the design process of the product. There have been a few issues reported in latest block of type C/D aircraft. This is because the upgrading process is being severely hindered by technical complications due to the advent of sophisticated avionics software. One limitation on the upgrades has been the limited power and cooling capabilities of the aircraft, which have been stretched thinner in more advanced variants with more power hungry avionics (Hartung, 2011). With regard to the time requirements of the customer, the F-16 has been one of the most effective weapons ever developed. In fact it was the answer to the United States military's question of what it was to do about air superiority and air-to-air combat after the experiences of the Vietnam war. And even now it is said that production of the F-35 Lightning II, Lockheed Martin's current flagship aircraft has been suffering from the company's focusing resources on meeting customer demand for the F-16. Delivery of aircraft to the customer is a trivial matter in projects of complex military weapons development. In any case the operations of distribution are kept clandestine by the Supply Chain management. In fact according to Schultz (1993), "With the rise of Internet and hybrid models of purchasing, Place is becoming less relevant" even in mainstream product marketing models. Unfortunately Lockheed has not fared well in the past in dealing with customer countries' representatives in terms of displaying teamwork. It ranks number one on the 'contractor misconduct' database maintained by the Project on Government Oversight, a Washington DC-based watchdog group. However for the upgraded F-16s' program the company is looking to institute a culture of cooperation with the clients' right of possession and providing efficient technical assistance as stipulated in the contracts with the foreign defence forces. For better cooperation with international clients the company will be designating Program managers for each countries' F-16 delivery programs. The program managers will be responsible for th e execution of the entire program: contract award, design, build delivery and post delivery sustainment. They will work with a variety of customers on multiple contracts including end item delivery, design enhancements, support and training. Customer Base for the F-16 The target market has obviously shifted away from the United States in the past decade and into some other developed countries of the world. However, now the company will

POST WAR FILMS Wings of Desire etcc Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

POST WAR FILMS Wings of Desire etcc - Term Paper Example The movie fantasy genre is based on the build up the movie was awarded being that the characters are angels who are some of the major characters in the film. The romance genre in the movie has been brought forth by the relationship established from the angel characters in the movie. Through the comparison with other related movies, the cinematic techniques in the movie this paper will bring out the historical back ground of the movie and the aesthetic aspects that builds up from the character relations within the movie and the related movies. From the background of the prior films that have been done by Wim Wanders, a number of those have been awarded both the English and the German titles. These include such movie as the ‘Reverse angle’ and the ‘Room 666’. From such movies, Wim Wanders acquired the experience of using the German setting in his movies which he later came to transfer to the movie Wings of desire. In relation to the cinematography techniques t hat have been appealed in the movie, one can clearly relate the experience gained by Wim from the prior movies as the plat form and foundation of the experience. There are certain techniques that can be said to have been reveled in relation to the cinematography techniques. ... Another aspect that can be said to appeal to the nature of the movie is that the movie is a Franco-German movie. This is a special alliance that came in place after the Second World War, at this time, the enmity that existed between France and Germany ended. The movie basis The movie basically embodies a story between angel and mortals, the director then award the angels a characteristic that they are invisible. Ideally, the angels are comfort givers for the families in Berlin. The two angels in the movie are unseen to the humans who from their side are able to see. The angels listen to the thoughts of the people and then offer them comfort. From the movie plot there are settings which establish and breaks down the movie main plot and the sub plot. The main plot of the movie is centered on the relationship that is established from Daniel’s desire to be with the beautiful trapeze girl who he fall in love with deeply and starts allowing the considerations of turning to human so as to be with her. The romantic theme is established further in the relationship between Damiel and Marion. This is brought out by the fact that the two aspire to be with each other, the barrier between them that is the mortality of Marion and the immortality of Damiel is equally significant as it build up most parts of the movie plot. Damiel aspires to be mortal as he wishes and longs for the things that the mortals undertake in the likeness of the human sensory pleasures and the touch of a loved one. Marion on the other hand also wishes she was immortal which she clearly bring out in her Cinematography techniques One of the most significant techniques that are used in the movie is the use

Google and Yahoo Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 7000 words

Google and Yahoo - Essay Example Organizational structure, design and culture play an imperative role in organizational effectiveness and success. This is because they assist an organization to comprehend itself and enable the workers to work together to achieve all the tasks and achieve all the objectives of the company. These are aspects that an organization cannot neglect in its development. The concepts of organizational culture, structure and design have received considerable attention within organizational theory in the past decade. Researchers, consultants and mangers, have gravitated to the conception of culture, structure and design to encompass the special approach to life and creation of meanings which evolve within an organization. Different organizations have different organizational structures, designs and cultures. Yahoo incorporation is one of the renowned companies in the world for its internet services. It is an American company that offers search engine services, web portal, internet directory, ne ws, finance and advertising. Some of the services offered by Yahoo Company include â€Å"Yahoo Directory, Yahoo Mail, Yahoo Finance, Yahoo News, and Yahoo Answers† (Media Relations, 2005). According to Media Relations (2005), approximately seven hundred million people use its internet services every month. ... Yahoo incorporation faces stiff competition from Google Company. Google is an American company that offers internet services and products. Such products and services include cloud computing, software, search, and advertising technologies. Google was established by Brin Sergey and Page while studying in Stanford University in 1996 (Google, 2013). These two founders own about 17 percent of the stake of the company. The company offers internet software including electronic mail, social networking and office suite. The company has ventured into mobile phone software where it leads innovator of Android mobile phone operating system. The company has ventured a lot into the communications hardware by partnering with primary electronic producers across the world (Google, 2013). Google Company operates an estimate of one million servers across the world, with more than one billion search requests every day. According to CNBC (2007), Goggle is the most visited search engine and website across the world. Just like Yahoo, Google offers its search services in different languages. It is one of the best performing corporations in the world. Google Company also owns You Tube and Blogger sites. This company started as a research project. It was initially referred as â€Å"BackRub† where it only analyzed other websites to determine their relevance. It was later named Google, and started working under Stanford University’s website (Google, 2013). The company is headed by a CEO. The multifaceted contacts between employees and workers in Google are seen as determinants of behavior in the place of work (Eliud, 2012). It is one of the companies with a unique organizational culture. Part I: Structure and Design Organizational structure implies an

Business Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Business Plan - Essay Example In the global market, computer and mobile demand has grown higher while in the local market, the demand is reducing. The Europe market has portrayed a more friendly environment and the hope for business development. Competitive analysis Being a new company in the market, Webcore has experienced a lot of competition from companies that sell computing products. The main competitors in the market include dominant companies such as Global Business Machines, Micro-Tech and Advance technology. The main strength of these companies is that they enjoy a good reputation for having built their name of the years. In addition, the companies have more than five products while Webcore has only two products. The ability of these companies to differentiate in the market have given them an advantage over Webcore. However, just like any other companies they are already feeling the pressure of competition within the market. However, while Webcore still has the opportunity to grow, these companies have r eached their optimal stage of the business cycle and are in verge of entering business recession. Webcore has the opportunity to penetrate deeper into both the local and international market, and to launch new products in the industry (Rhonda, 2003). The threat that exist in the market is the high number of new companies that they are entering the market and more expected in this financial year. Target Market and Customers Webcore has laid plans to satisfy its short term goals by expanding its market segment and creating new distribution channels. To extend its geographical scope, the company is going to establish a new branch in California to target the growing demands of computers in this city. In New York, there are plans to open new distribution channels in this city to target the high demand for Pro-book computers in this city among the middle level customers (Rhonda, 2003). Plans are underway to establish partnership with Whole Stock distributors in New York to develop a new c hannel for its products. It is expected that this move will optimize the sales in this country and hence increase the company marginal profit. Secondly, the company is establishing an on-line selling platform where customers can register as members and order their products on-line. Product or Service Line Currently, the company two main products include Webcore Pro and Webcore pro-book. The company intends to differentiate by investing in non-computing products whose demand is growing in the market. With introduction of printers and mobile phones in the market, the company aims at attracting satisfying the demand for these products that seems to grow each year. At the same time, the company intends to increase its production of Webcore Pro computers that seem to be attracting more customers into the business as compared to the Pro-book. Advertising Plan Webcore has laid strategies to roll out its products by investing $1000 in advertisement in the television media and newspaper. The expectation of this program is that the public will become aware of the products and services that Webcore will be offering during this financial quarter. The company advertisement will appear on the newspaper at least twice every week to allow and each day on all television service providers. By ensuring the public are aware of the products, the company will expect more buyers this year than any other years when little advertisement was evident (Rhonda,

Reaction paper on David Cole Interviews Dr. Franciscek Piper Essay

Reaction paper on David Cole Interviews Dr. Franciscek Piper - Essay Example Cole did a very good job doing his researches and finding the ‘right people’ to speak with in his documentary however, there are some points that could be brought into question. First, Cole seemed to have already made up his conclusions that the holocaust stories published and witnessed by survivors are not true. From his introductions about himself, he seemed to have gone to the concentration camps not to find proofs of what really happened but he went there to find proofs that will support his ideas and beliefs about the Holocaust. Secondly, he mentioned Dr. Piper to have studied her spiel to be able to work there saying, â€Å"Dr. Piper only repeats what she has been told†. How could one stand on the words of a person who has been taught what to say or not to say? I do not think the documentary would even be acceptable as a piece of informative record. The argument about Cole’s intentions in making the interview and video and the words of his interviewee are both questionable so I do not think the video qualifies as a reliable source of

Should hate speech and hate sites be banned from the internet Essay

Should hate speech and hate sites be banned from the internet - Essay Example A website that promotes or uses hate speech against race, community, gender, person, religion, nationality etc is called a hate site. The people who are responsible for putting these things on the internet; not only take use text but graphics, sounds and animations are also used to influence their readers more. It might be used to convince people to join a certain group of people who work against some concepts or people, for e.g.; StormFront.org hosts a hate site against Martin Luther King, Jr who was an American activist and a leader. More House College (2008) states that he is famous for his contributions in the African-American civil right movements. In the above mentioned site, content full of hate is written about the activist and claim that there is a long list of wrong actions done by him. The website terms him â€Å"modern day plastic God†. Such offending content about the man is possible due to the much proposed concept of â€Å"freedom of speech†. This concept focuses on the freedom of writing or saying anything that an individual feels is correct. This verbal freedom also gives the writer the freedom of speech without being accountable for doing it. But what these people fail to understand is that with freedom of speech comes gereat responsibility as well. They have a responsibility to only convey the message which would not offend anyone or harm anyone in life. There are approximately 4 billion web pages on the internet therefore it is very difficult to ensure that no hate content is pated on them. There are different ways in which this problem is handled by different countries. For e.g. Media Awareness Network (2009) states that according to the Canadian Human Rights Act Section 13, any text communicated by any telecommunication means (including internet) that may promote hatred towards a person or any of the following things is prohibited; Akdeniz et

Reaction paper on David Cole Interviews Dr. Franciscek Piper Essay

Reaction paper on David Cole Interviews Dr. Franciscek Piper - Essay Example Cole did a very good job doing his researches and finding the ‘right people’ to speak with in his documentary however, there are some points that could be brought into question. First, Cole seemed to have already made up his conclusions that the holocaust stories published and witnessed by survivors are not true. From his introductions about himself, he seemed to have gone to the concentration camps not to find proofs of what really happened but he went there to find proofs that will support his ideas and beliefs about the Holocaust. Secondly, he mentioned Dr. Piper to have studied her spiel to be able to work there saying, â€Å"Dr. Piper only repeats what she has been told†. How could one stand on the words of a person who has been taught what to say or not to say? I do not think the documentary would even be acceptable as a piece of informative record. The argument about Cole’s intentions in making the interview and video and the words of his interviewee are both questionable so I do not think the video qualifies as a reliable source of

Answer the math problem Speech or Presentation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Answer the math problem - Speech or Presentation Example (A) Perform a t-test testing whether CDC and Brinks have the same average collections per day for the area that they were responsible for (ie, not 1-A). Show your work, either via calculations or providing a log of your stata session (or other program) or the formulas you used in excel. Can you use the result to create an estimate of the total amount stolen from June 1979-April 1980 (10 months)? If you can, do so. If not, explain why. From the results, note that the p-value is 0.0001, for the absolute difference in the means. This implies that the mean of average collections between the two companies is statistically different at a significant level of 5%. The t test shows the statistical difference between either two variables or a variable and a constant but cannot be used for estimation. Therefore determining, the total amount stolen requires an estimation method, different from t-test such as regression. (B) Create a 95% confidence interval for the average amount stolen per month based solely on the difference between CDC and Brinks time periods (ie, use the same data as (A). Again, show your work, either via calculations or providing a log of your STATA session (or other program) or the formulas you used in excel. (D) Create a new variable called â€Å"winter† that is equal to 1 from November – February, and 0 otherwise. Create a second new variable called â€Å"summer† that is equal to 1 from June-August. Summarize these variables; what are their means and standard deviations? You are trying to decide whether to use T-Mobile, AT&T or Verizon as your cell phone carrier. You have data on average costs each month over a series of years for an individual who has similar phone habits (for data, texting and voice). The only difference is that this person travels internationally in the summer, and so has a higher bill then. (A) Load the data into your statistical program and create a variable that takes

Psychological Impacts of Nostalgia for People With Dementia

Psychological Impacts of Nostalgia for People With Dementia THE PSYCHOLOGICAL IMPACTS OF NOSTALGIA FOR PEOPLE WITH DEMENTIA: STUDY PROTOCOL 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1.2 Existential realities Four basic concerns that have been proposed to have great impact on the lives of all people are: death, freedom, existential isolation and meaninglessness (Yalom, 1980). Yalom (1980) argues that although people tend to neglect these four realities, they are still pervasive and influential on our lives. He offers the following explanations to these realities which he refers to as ultimate concerns. He explains that the inevitability of death is a fact of life which we are all aware of; irrespective of the fundamental human desire of existence. The central existential conflict is the strain between the realisation of the inevitability of death and the desire to continue to live. From an existential perspective, freedom refers to the lack of external structure. Paradoxical to an individual’s everyday experience, human beings do not reside in a universe that has ingrained design and is well-structured. Instead, the individual is totally the orchestrator of his or her own choices, world, actions and design. Freedom from this view implies terrifically that there is no ground beneath us. The key existential dynamic in this sense is the conflict between our encounter with groundlessness and our desire for ground and structure. As humans, our reality of freedom is evidenced from the conflict which arises from our aspiration of self-determination and our realisation of lack of support and uncertainty. This happens when one recognises the things that happen in one’s life are up to oneself. The third ultimate concern is isolation. This form of isolation from an existential sense does relate to neither interpersonal isolation (such as loneliness) nor intrapersonal isolation (such as isolation from oneself). This form of isolation refers to fundamental isolation. This means that no matter how close we are to each other, unavoidably, we are on our own. Each of us comes into existence alone and must exit from it alone. Thus, the existential conflict is the strain between our realisation of our absolute isolation and our desire for contact, protection and to be part of a larger group (Yalom, 1980). Accumulation of the three realities results in the fourth, which is, meaninglessness. In a world where there is no absolute truth and the only certainty about life is death, life tends to be meaningless. People will cling unto values and concepts in an effort to formulate meaning in life. Life essentially has no meaning if death is inevitable; if our own world is constituted by ourselves and if we are fundamentally isolated (Yalom, 1980). As Yalom (1980) elaborated, the existential dynamic conflict emerges from the impasse of a meaning-seeking creature that is put into a universe that possesses no meaning. It can be argued that although these existential realities are experienced by all human beings in one form or the other, some categories of persons are more likely to experience profound aspects of these existential threats. One of such groups of people is people with dementia. 1.1.3 Dementia: an existential threat â€Å"Dementia is an existential plight of persons and not simply a problem to be investigated and managed through technical skill† (Baldwin and Capstick, 2007; p. 117). It has been regarded as a disease of the entire person rather than a mere illness of the brain (Murray and Boyd, 2009, Passmore, Ho and Gallagher, 2012, Post, 2013, Nowell, Thornton and Simpson, 2013). With its associated health and social problems and deterioration leading to death, dementia can be perceived as a form of existential threat (Cheston, 2011). People with dementia experience changes in biographical factors. These biographical factors are the changes in later life. Whereas some people with dementia go through their illness with most of the mechanisms that previously supported them still unblemished, others go through a sequence of diminishing and disheartening changes in life with massive decline in their personal resources. Such personal resources refer to that which has been inherently developed by the person including all the consequences of social learning. These include aspects such as ways of managing crisis, loss and modifications; willingness to accept help offered by others and defense against tension or anxiety (Kitwood, 1993). Social psychological factors that make up the fabric of everyday life could enhance or diminish the sense of value, safety and personal being of the person with dementia. These have been enumerated and framed under the purview of a ‘malignant social psychology’ (Kitwood, 1990; p. 180). These include treachery, disempowerment, infantilisation, condemnation, intimidation, stigmatisation, outpacing, invalidation, banishment and objectification (Kitwood, 1990, Kitwood, 1993). Dementia as an existential threat denies a smooth adjustment into the existing self-concept of the person affected by dementia (Cheston, 2013). Cheston (2011) also argues that the threatened loss of cognitive ability for people with dementia could influence the way in which they make sense of the world and their self-esteem. He further expounds that existential realities are more prominent for people affected by dementia and can be evidenced in the subjective experiences of people with dementia. People with dementia seek for attachment (Piiparinen and Whitlatch, 2011, Van Assche et al, 2013, Osborne, Stokes and Simpson, 2010, Browne and Shlosberg, 2006, Perren et al, 2007, Stephens, Cheston and Gleeson, 2013), meaning/ purpose in life (MacKinlay and Trevitt, 2010, McGovern, 2011, McGovern, 2012, Phinney, 2011) and experience loss of identity (Eustache et al, 2013, Steeman et al, 2013, Caddell and Clare, 2012, Caddell and Clare, 2011). These could be perceived as coping mechanisms to buffer them against their encounter with existential realities. It is suggested that existential threats could have adverse effects on an individual’s self- esteem (Sabat, 2002); affect (Xu and Brucks, 2011, Van and Van, 2007); social connectedness (Mikulincer, Florian and Hirschberger, 2003); meaning in life (Sullivan, Landau and Kay, 2012, Jaarsma et al, 2007); and general wellbeing (Piiparinen and Whitlatch, 2011). Likewise, it can be argued that dementia as an existential threat has similar potential effects on people with such a condition (Baldwin and Capstick, 2007). In addition, various studies have suggested that the early stages of dementia, after receiving a diagnosis, generally cause profound psychological effects on self-esteem, meaning/ purpose in life and general psychological wellbeing (Chistopolskaya and Enikolopov, 2013, Bamford et al, 2004, Steeman et al, 2006, Husband, 1999, Husband, 2000, Vernooij-Dassen et al, 2006). 1.2 Problem statement Dementia as an existential threat has associated adverse psychological impacts for people with dementia. These include but are not limited to threats to identity Steeman et al, 2006), social connectedness (Hatch, 2013), meaning/ purpose in life (Lingler et al, 2006, Macquarrie, 2005) and general psychological wellbeing (Piiparinen and Whitlatch, 2011). Consequently, people with dementia sometimes use the recall of the past as a mechanism in an attempt to buffer the psychological effects of dementia (Bohlmeijer, Smit and Cuijpers, 2003, Woods et al, 2005). Also, conventional approaches such as reminiscence and life review activities employ the use of the past as a resource for the present to provide various psychological functions for people with dementia. However, the efficacies of these activities are still debated (Douglas, James and Ballard, 2004). For example, whereas some randomised controlled trials and systematic reviews conclude that these approaches may improve the psycholog ical wellbeing of people with dementia (Lai, Chi and Kayser-Jones, 2004, Wang, 2007, Sharif et al, 2010, Wu, 2011, Azcurra, 2012, Korte et al, 2012), others have concluded otherwise (Wang, Hsu and Cheng, 2005, Wang, Yen and OuYang, 2009, Gudex et al, 2010, Forsman, Schierenbeck and Wahlbeck, 2011, Woods et al, 2005, Woods et al, 2012). Stemming from memory decline in dementia, the merging of past experiences with the present can arguably enhance self-concept and self-esteem if the images of the past stimulate a sense of pleasure and accomplishment (Kasl-Godley and Gatz, 2000). Perhaps, the recall of the past without deliberately evoking nostalgia is not an ideal way to effectively enhance and improve the psychological equanimity of people with dementia. On the other hand, nostalgia has been proposed as a psychological buffer against existential threats (Juhl et al, 2010, Routledge et al, 2008). Juhl et al (2010) show that in mortality salience conditions, participants at low levels of nostalgia proneness show less positive responses to an identity threat, greater levels of death anxiety and lesser feelings of state nostalgia (self-esteem, social connectedness, meaning in life and affect). Routledge et al (2008) support the idea that nostalgia provides an existential function by providing a source of meaningful life experiences which people use to defend themselves against concerns about death (existential threat). Also, experimental studies with undergraduate student populations have demonstrated that induced nostalgia increases self-esteem, positive affect, social connectedness and meaning in life when compared to normal autobiographical memories (Wildschut et al, 2006, Routledge et al, 2011). However, the use of nostalgia by peopl e with dementia to provide similar desirable psychological functions is not clear (Moos and Bjorn, 2006). Nonetheless, this has not been tested among people with dementia. 1.6 Significance of the research The current research seeks to investigate whether induced nostalgia increases self-esteem, meaning/ purpose in life and social connectedness for people with dementia as it does for the general population. It also attempts to find out whether people with mild to moderate dementia differ in experiencing various psychological outcomes as a result of their degree of nostalgia proneness. This novel application of the emotion of nostalgia (currently a major area of psychological research) to people with dementia has both clinical and theoretical significance. Theoretically, with nostalgia being suggested to have positive psychological impact among the general population, we will be able to find out whether these functions extend to people with dementia. Clinically, while reminiscence therapy is frequently used with people with dementia; research findings are unclear as to whether this has any benefit. It may be that one of the factors determining whether reminiscence is of benefit is wheth er or not a nostalgic memory is evoked. By investigating this, the research may be able to shed light on the way in which nostalgia buffers the psychological challenges of living with dementia. For instance, we may be able to identify more precisely how to help people with dementia maintain a psychological equilibrium, and thereby improve their quality of life and psychological wellbeing. 2.0 PRELIMINARY LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Dementia and meaning/ purpose in life Existential psychology attempts to explain the way individuals formulate meaning in the event of an inevitable despair or threat. According to existential psychology, individuals employ various mechanisms to buffer them against existential threats in order to restore psychological balance (Greenberg, Koole and Pyszczynski, 2013). Purpose in life is an aspect of wellbeing that is well appreciated by people with dementia (Drà ¶es et al, 2006). Research shows that, even in the event of experiencing decline in cognition in a patient with dementia, the person with dementia still engages in meaning-making that covey important communication messages regarding the importance of life (Robertson, 2013). Also, people affected by dementia are usually in the quest of seeking for meaning in their lives in order to concur with their diagnosis (Lingler et al, 2006, Macquarrie, 2005). Searching for meaning in life by people with dementia is linked to the expression of establishing identity (Steeman et al, 2006). Dementia is associated with various levels of cognitive decline (Franciotti et al, 2013). Cognitive decline has been found to be associated with decline in aspects of wellbeing, specifically, purpose in life (Wilson et al, 2013). Alternatively, in advanced age, higher purpose in life causes a reduction in the effect of pathologic changes on cognitive decline for people with Alzheimer’s disease (Boyle et al, 2012). Longitudinal studies have also provided some evidence in support of some existential functions of having a greater purpose in life. Among older adults living in the community, greater purpose in life has been found to have significant associations with a reduction in risk of disability (Boyle, Buchman and Bennett, 2010), mortality (Boyle et al, 2009), Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment (Geda, 2010, Boyle et al, 2010).

The Destructive Power of Peer Pressure Essay examples -- Peer Pressure

Peer pressure: influence from members of one's peer group. Peer pressure is an incredibly widespread issue in today’s society, and can have many significant and long lasting effects. Peer pressure is an issue that can be found in many places, with many varying degrees, but often happens for the same reasons. Peer pressure can cause drug and alcohol addictions, being caught shoplifting, failing exams, and other problems. It has many causes, with many contributing factors, but is most prevalent during the teenage years, as teens look beyond the guidance of their parents, and seek answers from their peers. Peer pressure most commonly occurs at parties, where parental supervision is minimal, however indirect peer pressure can be experienced anywhere. The purpose of this report is to provide an overview of the topic, as well as the causes and related effects. The report will cover the types of peer pressure, who is affected, who are the offenders, why do they offend, where does it happen, what can happen, how can it be solved, and why it is so hard to control. Peer pressure is a very widespread issue, manifesting itself in two main forms, direct and indirect. While direct peer pressure is more forceful, and harder to combat, it is also less prevalent than indirect peer pressure. In some instances both forms of peer pressure can be found in the same situation. Direct peer pressure is pressure exerted when directly asked or told to do something, and is more forceful, harder to deflect, and often requires a response or excuse. Direct peer pressure generally involves things such as drugs, alcohol, cigarettes, and decisions regarding sex. This form of peer pressure can have many significantly life changing long-term effects. I... ...(2013). Peer Pressure. [online] Retrieved from: http://www.aacap.org/AACAP/Families_and_Youth/Facts_for_Families/Facts_for_Families_Pages/Peer_Pressure_104.aspx [Accessed: 10 Nov 2013]. Ianrpubs.unl.edu (2013). Publication: Friendships, Peer Influence and Peer Pressure During the Teen Years. [online] Retrieved from: http://ianrpubs.unl.edu/pages/publicationD.jsp?publicationId=837 [Accessed: 10 Nov 2013]. Sitemaker.umich.edu (2013). UM.SiteMaker: Message. [online] Retrieved from: http://sitemaker.umich.edu/356.darnell/peer_pressurehttp://sitemaker.umich.edu/356.darnell/peer_pressure [Accessed: 10 Nov 2013]. Stewart, G., Larsen, A. and Wynne, E. (1989). Peer pressure. New York: Crestwood House. Us.reachout.com (2013). Peer pressure : The Facts : ReachOut.com USA. [online] Retrieved from: http://us.reachout.com/facts/factsheet/peer-pressure [Accessed: 10 Nov 2013].

Physics of Neurons Essay -- physics neuron

The human nervous system is divided into two parts, the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. The central nervous system, CNS, is just the brain and spinal cord. The peripheral nervous system, PNS, includes the nerves and neurons that extend outwards from CNS, to transmit information to your limbs and organs for example. Communication between your cells is extremely important, neurons are the messengers that relay information to and from your brain. Nerve cells generate electrical signals to transmit information. Neurons are not necessarily intrinsically great electrical conductors, however, they have evolved specialized mechanisms for propagating signals based on the flow of ions across their membranes. In their inactive state neurons have a negative potential, called the resting membrane potential. Action potentials changes the transmembrane potential from negative to positive. Action potentials are carried along axons, and are the basis for "information transportation" from one cell in the nervous system to another. Other types of electrical signals are possible, but we'll focus on action potentials. These electrical signals arise from ion fluxes produced by nerve cell membranes that are selectively permeable to different ions. Neurons and glia (cells that support neurons) are specialized cells for electrical signaling over long distances. Understanding neuronal structure is important for understanding neuronal function. The number of synaptic inputs recieved by each nerve cell in our (human) nervous system varies from 1-100,000! This wide range reflects the fundamental purpose of nerve cells, to integrate info from other neurons. Cellular organization of neurons resembles that of other ce... ...ive current flow. Another way to improve the passive flow is to insulate the axonal membrane with myelin. This reduces the amount of current that would otherwise leak out of the axon and increases the distance that the current can flow passively. Myelination, aka axon insulation, increases action potential conduction up to 150m/s compared to 0.5-10m/s conduction velocities of unmyelnated axons! Speedy delivery of current (information) along axons is also due to the nodes of Ranvier. Nodes of Ranvier are gaps between insulated portions of the axon. The gaps create a place where the current can flow out of the axon so an action potential can be generated. Action potentials are started at one end of the node, flow passively through the myelinated axon, and pop out the other side to jump to the next node. This jumping of action potentials is called saltatory.

Justice vs Mercy

Justice is the most fundamental requirement of a properly functioning, civilized society. An unwavering system of cause and effect that apply to all members is exactly what human beings need to ensure peaceful living. As the events and characters of Shakespeare’s King Lear clearly indicate, mercy is extremely important in dealing with problems in society, but justice should be the standard by which people are governed in dealing with crimes, however harsh it may seem.Man needs to fear the consequences of his actions because if there are no undesired repercussions, he will follow his baser desires to no limit. When there is a strict system of justice in place that applies to all members of society, fewer crimes will be committed as a result of public punishments. Also, there is a system of karma that we already see in place. If justice is not served by the law, some form of justice comes around to the perpetrator from a higher power. Therefore, in dealing with crimes in society as a whole, the use of justice should dominate the use of mercy.I believe that human nature is to be content with virtue. However, there is also a part of us that is desirous of evil. It is that lower, deeper part of our desires that gives us pleasure in doing things that we know are harmful to ourselves and those around us. Most people will tell you they follow a certain moral conduct because of the virtue of their character, but only a certain percentage of those people actually speak the truth. The rest, only do so for fear of consequences.This is exactly the reason why people behave well in front of others, while they do many undesirable things when they are alone. If there is no fear of the legal repercussions of one’s actions, the majority of the population will not be able to control that inner monster who is only satiated with evil and destruction. As Albany, the son-in-law of King Lear so eloquently puts it: â€Å"If that the heavens do not their visible spirits | Send quickly down to tame these vile offences, | It will come,| Humanity must perforce prey on itself, |Like monsters of the deep. (IV, ii, 46-49). He is saying that if some form of justice is not dished out, the world would turn into a wild and savage place. Therefore, a system of justice that allots punishments that are equal in degree to the crimes committed is needed to keep people in check. Also, the system of justice that we just spoke about should be unwavering for each and every individual in society, no matter the rank or position of that person. King Lear himself says, â€Å"†¦Through tattered clothes small vices do appear; /Robes and furred gowns hide all.Plate sin with gold, /And the strong lance of justice hurtless breaks; / Arm it in rags, a pygmy’s straw does pierce it† (IV, vi, 167-169) Here, he is complaining of the sad state that the justice system is in. There is a huge amount of unfairness that happens when judging the rich and the poor for the same offence. Poor people suffer a lot more for their petty crimes, while the rich can get away with the worst things by paying off the right people. What King Lear concluded hundreds of years ago, is still the sad state of our society today.The justice system is so corrupt that people in higher positions of power that are tried and proven guilty of horrendous crimes sometimes get the same amount of prison time as a small scaled armed robbery. An example of this is when pictures leaked of physical and emotional torture and sadistic killings conducted by a certain general and the 6 other people on his team in a prison in Iraq. A lot of the people that were there were taken from the streets and happened to be in the wrong place at the wrong time and had no knowledge of the terrorist forces.These people were detained and every time they were to be ‘questioned’, they would be taken to a room, stripped naked, beaten, put into stress positions and have a number of other thin gs done to them that are too gruesome to speak of. These American soldiers took pictures of all the things that went on. These pictures were ultimately how they got caught. Even with all that proof, the largest sentence that was given out was for 10 years to the general and sentences ranging from 6 months to a couple of years to the 6 other members that were involved.This is how unfair the justice system is in North America. If a society was to be created where all members are actually treated the same, there would be less crime in that society as a whole as everyone would know they cannot get away with anything. Lastly, justice is such that what goes around, comes around. I believe in karma as it is often apparent in life. Sometimes, the return is not of equal degree to the action, but in the end, you reap what you sow.This is what Albany means when he says, â€Å"This shows you are above,/ You justicers, that these our nether crimes/ So speedily can venge†. (IV, ii, (78-80) He is expressing his gratitude to the Gods for the death of Cornwall for his horrible crimes. I am also of the opinion that God will even out the forces of evil when He sees fit. Therefore, we should establish the ideal system of justice and stick with it in the correct manner. If crimes are committed by us, we should accept the punishment agreed on by the society or a stronger and worst punishment may come our way from someone else.In conclusion, to ensure a society in which crime is curbed as much as possible, a proper, strict justice system needs to be established that is equal in its dealings with all classes of people. This is the only way to ensure the control of human desire as there is no telling what a person might do to harm themselves and others without rules to govern them. References: 1)Shakespeare, William. King Lear. Toronto: Signet Classic Shakespeare, 1998. 2)Ghosts of Abu Ghraib. dir. Rory Kennedy, 2007.